色谱

色谱 ›› 2019, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 426-431.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2018.11039

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

裂解气相色谱-质谱分析火场残留物中助燃剂

张健1, 刘纪达2   

  1. 1. 中国人民警察大学化学教研室, 河北 廊坊 065000;
    2. 大庆市消防支队, 黑龙江 大庆 163000
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-02 出版日期:2019-04-08 发布日期:2015-02-14
  • 通讯作者: 刘纪达.E-mail:kittadada@yeah.net

Analysis of accelerant in fire debris by pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

ZHANG Jian1, LIU Jida2   

  1. 1. Department of Chemistry, the Chinese People's Police University, Langfang 065000, China;
    2. Daqing Municipal Fire Brigade, Daqing 163000, China
  • Received:2018-12-02 Online:2019-04-08 Published:2015-02-14

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摘要：

通过对火灾现场助燃剂及其燃烧残留物进行分析，开展了基于裂解气相色谱-质谱法（PyGC-MS）的火场助燃剂分析方法。选取了汽油和柴油2种助燃剂以及棉布和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）塑料2类载体，制备了助燃剂与载体的混合燃烧残留物。利用热分析技术确定样品的特征性温度，并对分析条件进行优化与选择。通过闪蒸分析和裂解分析的分步裂解方法，对样品进行了PyGC-MS分析。实验结果表明，PET载体原样燃烧残留物的裂解产物共有35个组分，而PET载体与汽油混合燃烧残留物和PET载体与柴油混合燃烧残留物的裂解产物只有25个组分，且各裂解产物的种类和含量均不相同。该法可对同一载体的自身燃烧残留物和与助燃剂混合燃烧残留物进行区分，适用于火灾残留物中助燃剂的分析，可对火场中是否存在助燃剂进行判别，为火灾性质的判断和火灾调查工作提供科学依据。

关键词: 火灾物证鉴定, 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯, 裂解气相色谱-质谱, 棉布, 助燃剂

Abstract:

A strategy for the analysis of the accelerant and combustion residues in fires was developed by pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (PyGC-MS). Two kinds of accelerants (gasoline and diesel) and two kinds of carriers (cotton cloth and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic) were selected for this research. Combustion residues of the accelerant and carrier were prepared. The characteristic temperatures of the samples were determined by thermal analysis technology. Then the analysis conditions were optimized and selected. The samples were subjected to PyGC-MS by a stepwise method consisting of flash analysis and pyrolysis analysis. The experimental results showed that the pyrolysates of the original combustion residues of the PET carrier consisted of 35 components, while the pyrolysates of the combustion residues of the PET carrier with gasoline, and ones of the combustion residues of the PET carrier with diesel oil consisted of only 25 components. The types and contents of the pyrolysates were different. The established method could distinguish the self-combustion residue of the carrier from the combustion residue of the accelerant and the same carrier. It was suitable for the analysis of the accelerant from the fire debris, and could determine the presence of the accelerant in the fire field. The method can provide a scientific basis for the judgement of the fire property and fire investigation work.

Key words: accelerant, cotton cloth, fire evidence identification, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (PyGC-MS)

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