色谱

色谱 ›› 2020, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (8): 880-890.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2019.12017

• 专论与综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

保健食品中违禁药物检验技术研究进展

陈东洋, 张昊, 冯家力(), 曾栋   

  1. 湖南省疾病预防控制中心, 湖南 长沙 410005
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-20 出版日期:2020-08-08 发布日期:2020-12-11
  • 通讯作者: 冯家力
  • 作者简介:冯家力.Tel:(0731)84305950, E-mail:goodlucklhk@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省卫生健康委科研计划课题项目(C20190035)

Advances in technologies for determination of illegal drugs in health food

CHEN Dongyang, ZHANG Hao, FENG Jiali(), ZENG Dong   

  1. Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, China
  • Received:2019-12-20 Online:2020-08-08 Published:2020-12-11
  • Contact: FENG Jiali
  • Supported by:
    Research Project of Health Commission of Hunan Province(C20190035)

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摘要：

保健食品是适用于特定人群、具有调节作用、不以治疗疾病为目的的食品。随着人们生活水平的提高和对健康的追求，保健食品市场日益增大。目前，制售假冒伪劣保健产品、虚假宣传保健食品功效和欺诈式销售产品是制约保健食品产业可持续发展的主要因素。尤其是保健食品中违禁药物的非法添加，使保健食品的食用安全存在较大隐患，严重降低消费者的信心。对保健食品违禁添加的药物进行有效监管，对保护消费者权益具有十分重要的意义。该综述以与保健功能声称相关的药物药理作用为溯源基础，系统梳理了保健食品中可能非法添加的违禁药物种类，重点介绍常见的8类保健食品违禁药物检测技术进展，包括液相色谱法、液相色谱-质谱法、直接实时分析质谱法、气相色谱-质谱法、核磁共振波谱法、红外光谱法、高分辨质谱法等，以期为保健食品违禁药物检测标准的研制和日常监测提供参考，同时对保健食品中违禁药物添加的趋势和检验技术发展进行了简单展望。

关键词: 气相色谱, 液相色谱, 质谱, 违禁药物, 保健食品, 研究进展

Abstract:

Health food with nutritional or physiological effects is suitable for certain people, and it can be used to regulate body functions but not for curing diseases. Therefore, substances with therapeutic functions cannot be included in health food, as they are classified as special food and are specifically regulated. The use of health food has increased worldwide in the last few decades. However, illegal activities such as the manufacture and marketing of fake commodities, false advertising, and fraudulent sales have restricted the sustainable development of the health food industry. In particular, there is much concern regarding health food illegally adulterated with pharmaceuticals and their analogs because of the notable risk to public health. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop accurate and sensitive detection methods for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of such compounds. Many methods have been developed for the determination of adulterants in health food, such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), direct analysis real-time mass spectrometry (DART-MS), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). However, in recent years, new features of adulterants in health food have emerged. For example, the chemical compositions of drugs added to health food, including prescription drugs, delisted drugs, drug analogs, and new drugs, are becoming increasingly sophisticated. Furthermore, there has been a change in trend from the addition of large doses of a single component to the addition of small doses of a class of components or multiple components. These pose great challenges to the identification and measurement of such illegal additives. Detection technologies for new drugs and structurally modified analogs are still scarce; hence, newer methods for non-targeted screening are necessary. Fortunately, several structure elucidation techniques have been introduced, including high-resolution time-of-flight (TOF) MS, infrared spectroscopy, as well as 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. This study summarizes the types of drugs that may be illegally added in health food according to their pharmacological activities related to the claimed efficacy of health food; advances in detection technologies for illegal drugs; and future development prospects. The overall aim is to provide beneficial reference for the development of standard methods and for the routine monitoring of health food.

Key words: gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC), mass spectrometry (MS), illegal drugs, health food, research progress