Determination of vitamin C in fruits and vegetables by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1123.2016.07015

Abstract

Abstract:

A method was developed for the determination of vitamin C in fruits and vegetables by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The main factors which affect the sensitivity and stability of vitamin C in the sample preparation and instrument analysis were investigated. Fruit and vegetable samples were prepared by high speed homogenate under the protection of dry CO₂, and then extracted by 0.1% (v/v) formic acid solution. The analysis was performed using an Acquity-UPLC T3 column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) with the column temperature of 30℃. The injection volume was 5 μL. The mobile phase consisted of 0.05% (v/v) formic acid solution and methanol with a volume ratio of 8:2. The flow rate was set at 0.25 mL/min. The extracted ion [M-H]^-(m/z 175.0238) was selected for quantification, while extracted ion [M-C₃H₄O₃]^-(m/z 87.0077) was selected for qualification. The mass error was 5×10^-6 (5 ppm). The results displayed that the linearity of vitamin C ranged from 0.02 to 5.0 mg/L with the correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.9992. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.008 mg/L (S/N=3) and 0.02 mg/L (S/N=10), respectively. The recoveries of the vitamin C in the spiked samples ranged from 89.3% to 113% with the RSD less than 5.40%. The developed method was then utilized to analyze the real kiwifruit samples. The results showed that the contents of the vitamin C ranged from 498 to 1625 mg/kg for the domestic kiwifruit samples. Regarding the New Zealand kiwifruit samples, the contents of the vitamin C ranged from 247 to 449 mg/kg. The present method demonstrated the advantages of easy operation, good precision and repeatability, making it feasible for accurate determination of vitamin C in fruits and vegetables.

Key words: fruits and vegetables, ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS), vitamin C

CLC Number:

O658

LIU Zhenzhen, QI Peipei, WANG Xinquan, CHEN Wenxue, WU Liyu, WANG Qiang. Determination of vitamin C in fruits and vegetables by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry[J]. Chinese Journal of Chromatography, 2016, 34(11): 1048-1054.

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