Advances on preparation methods for mycotoxins in food samples

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1123.2019.10023

Abstract

Abstract:

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites with low molecular weight that are produced by fungus under certain environmental conditions. Mycotoxins are of various types and show strong toxicity. They can enter the food chain directly or indirectly, causing diseases or even death to humans and other animals. It is very crucial to use efficient sample preparations to realize the separation and enrichment of targets before analysis due to diversified foods, complex matrix and low concentrations in real samples. In this paper, preparation methods using new separation media, such as liquid phase extraction, solid phase extraction, magnetic solid phase extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, immunoaffinity chromatography and QuEChERS are introduced. In addition, future trends in sample preparation for food mycotoxins are prospected.

Key words: sample preparation, medium, mycotoxins, foods, review

HU Wenyao, LONG Meiming, HU Yufei, LI Gongke. Advances on preparation methods for mycotoxins in food samples[J]. Chinese Journal of Chromatography, 2020, 38(3): 307-316.

Figures/Tables 5

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Mycotoxin	Food categories	Nation	Limit/(μg/kg)
Aflatoxin B1	cereals, beans, nuts,	China	5-20
(AFB1)	oilseeds	EU	2-8
		USA	-
Aflatoxin M1	dairy products	China	0.5
(AFM1)		EU	0.025-0.05
		USA	0.5
Aflatoxins total	all food (except milk)	China	-
(AFB1, AFB2,		EU	4-15
AFG1, AFG2)		USA	20
Deoxynivalenol	cereals	China	1000
(DON)		EU	750-1750
		USA	1000
Ochratoxin A	cereals, beans, nuts,	China	2-10
(OTA)	oilseeds, beverages,	EU	2-10
	wines	USA	-
Zearalenone	cereals	China	60
(ZEN)		EU	20-350
		USA	-
Patulin	fruits, beverages, wines	China	50
(PAT)		EU	50
		USA	50

Mycotoxin	Food categories	Nation	Limit/(μg/kg)
Aflatoxin B1	cereals, beans, nuts,	China	5-20
(AFB1)	oilseeds	EU	2-8
		USA	-
Aflatoxin M1	dairy products	China	0.5
(AFM1)		EU	0.025-0.05
		USA	0.5
Aflatoxins total	all food (except milk)	China	-
(AFB1, AFB2,		EU	4-15
AFG1, AFG2)		USA	20
Deoxynivalenol	cereals	China	1000
(DON)		EU	750-1750
		USA	1000
Ochratoxin A	cereals, beans, nuts,	China	2-10
(OTA)	oilseeds, beverages,	EU	2-10
	wines	USA	-
Zearalenone	cereals	China	60
(ZEN)		EU	20-350
		USA	-
Patulin	fruits, beverages, wines	China	50
(PAT)		EU	50
		USA	50

Preparation medium	Characteristics	Applicable substrates	Reference
Magnetic nanomaterials	super paramagnetic, large adsorption capacity, fast separation, excellent stability	liquid foods	[27-32]
Graphene materials	ultrahigh specific surface area, strong adsorption ability, versatile surface embellish	cereals, edible oil	[33, 34]
Molecularly imprinted polymer	specific molecule recognition, predetermination, robust stability	kinds of food	[37-41]
Immunoaffinity materials	antibody-antigen specific recognition, strong affinity, high selectivity	liquid foods, dairy foods	[45-49]
Aptamer function materials	high sensitivity	cereals, eggs, wines	[50-53]

Preparation medium	Characteristics	Applicable substrates	Reference
Magnetic nanomaterials	super paramagnetic, large adsorption capacity, fast separation, excellent stability	liquid foods	[27-32]
Graphene materials	ultrahigh specific surface area, strong adsorption ability, versatile surface embellish	cereals, edible oil	[33, 34]
Molecularly imprinted polymer	specific molecule recognition, predetermination, robust stability	kinds of food	[37-41]
Immunoaffinity materials	antibody-antigen specific recognition, strong affinity, high selectivity	liquid foods, dairy foods	[45-49]
Aptamer function materials	high sensitivity	cereals, eggs, wines	[50-53]

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