Preparation of seven kinds of amino bonded silica gels and their adsorption to heavy metal Pb2+

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1123.2019.09030

Abstract

Abstract:

Seven kinds of amino bonded silica gels were prepared. They were aminopropyl bonded silica gel (SiO₂-N), ethylenediamine-N-propyl bonded silica gel (SiO₂-2N), diethylenetriamine bonded silica gel (SiO₂-3N), triethylenetetramine bonded silica gel (SiO₂-4N), tetraethylene pentamine bonded silica gel (SiO₂-5N), pentaethylene hexamine bonded silica gel (SiO₂-6N) and polyvinylimide bonded silica gel (SiO₂-nN). The densities of the bonded amino groups in SiO₂-N and SiO₂-2N prepared by a one-step method were up to 2.07mmol/g and 1.71mmol/g, respectively. The density of the bonded amino groups in SiO₂-nN with ethylene imine units prepared by a two-step method, was 0.02mmol/g. The densities of the bonded amino groups in the other silica gels were similar, about 0.50mmol/g. The synthesized silica gels were used to investigate the adsorption of the heavy metal ion Pb²⁺ which commonly exists in aqueous solutions. About 20 mg of the silica gel was added to 10 mL of 400 mg/L Pb²⁺, at pH 5 and 30℃. The results indicated that the adsorption capacity reached the maximum value after 10 h. The adsorption process was fit to the Freundlich isothermal equation. The adsorption capacities of SiO₂-N, SiO₂-2N, SiO₂-3N, SiO₂-4N, SiO₂-5N, SiO₂-6N and SiO₂-nN to Pb²⁺were 131.28, 138.98, 85.37, 75.22, 61.87, 79.12 and 114.06 mg/g, respectively, indicating the potential utility of these amino-functionalized silica gels for the adsorption of Pb²⁺.

Key words: amino bonded silica gel, heavy metal removal, lead ion (Pb²⁺), adsorption capacity

LI Laiming, REN Fangfang, ASSEFA Aschenaki, LIU Jia, ZHANG Xiaofei, BAO Jianmin, LI Youxin. Preparation of seven kinds of amino bonded silica gels and their adsorption to heavy metal Pb²⁺[J]. Chinese Journal of Chromatography, 2020, 38(3): 341-349.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1 Synthesis of a series of the amino bonded silica gel SiO2-N: aminopropyl bonded silica gel; SiO2-2N: ethylenediamine-N-propyl bonded silica gel; SiO2-3N: diethylenetriamine bonded silica gel; SiO2-4N: triethlenetetramine bonded silica gel; SiO2-5N: tetraethylenepentamine bonded silica gel; SiO2-6N: pentaethylenehexamide bonded silica gel; SiO2-nN: polyethyleneimine bonded silica gel.

Fig. 2 IR spectra of a series of the amino bonded silica gel

Fig. 3 Scanning electron microscopes (SEM) of SiO2 and the aminopropyl bonded SiO2 a. SEM of SiO2(×500); b. SEM of SiO2(×50000); c. SEM of the aminopropyl bonded SiO2(×500); d. SEM of the aminopropyl bonded SiO2(×50000).

Fig. 4 Energy dspersive spectroscopy (EDS) spectra of (a) SiO2 and (b) the aminopropyl bonded SiO2

Table 1 Elemental analysis results of SiO2 and a series of the amino bonded silica gel

Amino bonded silica gel	C/%	N/%	C/N	N density/(mmol/g)	Number of N	Content of the bonded group/(mmol/g)
SiO₂	0.1	0.1	1.0	0.1	0	0
SiO₂-N	6.87	2.9	2.4	2.1	1	2.07
SiO₂-2N	10.4	4.8	2.1	3.4	2	1.71
SiO₂-3N	4.8	2.1	2.3	1.5	3	0.50
SiO₂-4N	6.4	3.1	2.0	2.2	4	0.55
SiO₂-5N	7.6	3.7	2.3	2.6	5	0.53
SiO₂-6N	8.7	4.3	2.0	3.1	6	0.51
SiO₂-nN	8.5	3.4	2.5	2.4	_~110	0.02

Fig. 5 Low-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of a series of the amino bonded silica gel

Fig. 6 Effect of original mass concentrations of Pb2+on adsorptive capacities by a series of the amino bonded silica gel

Fig. 7 Effect of (a) pH value of solution, (b) absorption time and (c) absorption temperature on the adsorption capacities of a series of the amino bonded silica gel

Fig. 8 (a)Langmuir and (b) Freundlich isotherms of absorption of the amino group bonded silica gels to Pb2+

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Preparation of seven kinds of amino bonded silica gels and their adsorption to heavy metal Pb²⁺

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